El nuevo universo y el futuro de la humanidad

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Chapter 1. The New Universe

            Figure 1. Great telescopes on and orbiting Earth. Image: Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 2. A pillar of star birth: the Carina Nebula in visible light. This image shows the tip of the three-light-year-long pillar bathed in the glow of light from hot, massive stars off the top of the image. Scorching radiation and fast winds (streams of charged particles) from these stars are sculpting the pillar and causing new stars to form within it. Streamers of gas and dust can be seen flowing off the top of the structure. Dust hides much of the nebula. This photo was taken by Wide Field Camera 3 on the Hubble Space Telescope. Image and description: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble SM4 ERO Team.[Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2009/25/image/h/ ]
            Figure 3. A pillar of star birth: the Carina Nebula in infrared light. In this photo, also taken by the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), infrared light penetrates the dust, making it possible to see far more stars. The WFC3, installed by astronauts during the final Hubble Space Telescope service mission in May 2009, tremendously increased the telescope’s infrared capability. Image: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble SM4 ERO Team.[Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2009/25/image/h/.]
            Figure 4. Saturn with Earth in the background. This photo is from the Cassini spacecraft orbiting Saturn. Image: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute. [Source: http://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/starsgalaxies/dotf-20061101.html.]
            Figure 5. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field in Infrared light. This photo, taken by the Wide Field Camera 3 on the Hubble Space Telescope, is discussed further at the beginning of chapter 4. Image: NASA, ESA, G. Illingworth and R. Bouwens (University of California, Santa Cruz), and the HUDF09 Team.[Source: hs-2010–02-b-full_tif.tif http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2010/02/image/b/warn/
            Figure 6. The ancient Egyptian cosmos. Vignette from the Book of the Dead of Nesitanebtashru (a Twenty-First Dynasty priestess), Egypt, 1025 <sc>bc</sc>. Image: © 2010 The British Museum Images. All rights reserved. Used by permission.[Source: http://www.bmimages.com/img #00020249006.]
            Figure 7. The ancient Egyptian cosmos, simplified version. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller. [From The View from the Center of the Universe (VFTC), p. 43.]
            Figure 8. The ancient Hebrew cosmos. Image: Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 9. The medieval cosmos. We have drawn the spheres here as the people of the Middle Ages described them--and as they would have drawn them, had they known how to draw in perspective. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller. [From VFTC, p. 134.]
            Figure 10. The Newtonian cosmos, as represented by M. C. Escher’s “Cubic Space Division.” M. C. Escher’s Cubic Space Division © 2010 The M. C. Escher Company--Holland. All rights reserved. www.mcescher.com Used by permission.
            Figure 11. William Herschel’s map of the Milky Way. [Source: http://www.observadores-cometas.com/Herschel/About%20William%20Herschel/About%20William%20Herschel/
Biography/Who_was_Herschel.htm]
            Figure 12. Our address in the universe. Galaxy image courtesy NASA Images; Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data courtesy SDSS. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller/Nina McCurdy/NASA/JPL-Caltech/M. Tegmark & the SDSS Collaboration, www.sdss.org.
           Voyage to the Virgo Cluster video at http://New-Universe.org.
            Figure 13. The Orion constellation as seen from Earth. From the Voyage to the Virgo Cluster video. Image: . Image: D. Cox, R. Patterson, S. Levy, Advanced Visualization Laboratory, National Center for Supercomputer Applications © University of Illinois. Used by permission.
            Figure 14. The Orion Nebula. This image was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. Image: NASA, ESA, M. Robberto (Space Telescope Science Institute/ESA), and the Hubble Space Telescope Orion Treasury Project Team.[Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2006/01/image/a/ ]
            Figure 15. The Milky Way Galaxy with large and small Magellanic clouds. Collage by Nina McCurdy, including Nick Risinger’s Artist’s Conception of the Milky Way Galaxy[source http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Milky_Way_Galaxy.jpg ], adapted from NASA images [http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0411d/ and http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/04/image/a/warn/ of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds].
            Figure 16. The Virgo Cluster and a chain of galaxies. Image From the Voyage to the Virgo Cluster video. The chain galaxies are mostly in the Ursa Major Groups. Image: D. Cox, R. Patterson, S. Levy, Advanced Visualization Laboratory, National Center for Supercomputer Applications, R. Brent Tully, University of Hawaii © University of Illinois. Used by permission.
            Figure 17. The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51). This photo was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. Image: NASA, ESA, S. Beckwith, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)[Source: http://hubblesite.org/gallery/album/galaxy/spiral/pr2005012a/].
            Figure 18. Galaxy M87 at the center of the Virgo Cluster. This photo was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. Image: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)[Source: http:// heritage.stsci.edu/2008/30/index.html].
            Figure 19. Peanuts: “You are of no significance.” Peanuts © 1997, United Features Syndicate, Inc. Used by permission. [Soruce:http://comics.com/peanuts?DateAfter=1997–01–25&DateBefore=1997–01–25&Order=&
PerPage=1&x=50&y=12&Search=]
            Figure 20. Calvin and Hobbes: “What a clear night!” CALVIN AND HOBBES © 1988 Watterson. Dist. By UNIVERSAL UCLICK. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved.[Source: http://www.amureprints.com/]

Chapter 2. Size Is Destiny

Figure 21. Sizes are doorways within doorways. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller.
Figure 22. The Cosmic Uroboros. The uroboros ranges from the smallest size, the Planck size (10–33 cm) at the tip of the tail, to the size of the entire visible universe (1029 cm) at the head of the serpent. In modern physics, forces result from the exchange of particles. The photon, the particle of light, is responsible for electrical and magnetic forces. Analogous particles called gluons carry the strong force, which holds protons, neutrons, and the entire nucleus together. The weak interactions, which are responsible for certain kinds of radioactive decays, are due to the exchange of massive W and Z particles. In a Grand Unified Theory (GUT), all these forces come together and have the same strength on very small scales, represented by “GUT” on the serpent’s tail. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller. [Used in black and white in VFTC, p. 160. Color version at http:// viewfromthecenter.com]

Chapter 3. We Are Stardust

            Figure 23. The Pyramid of All Visible Matter. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller.
            Figure 24. The Periodic Table of the Elements, with the origins of each element. Image: Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 25. Kepler’s supernova remnant, from the explosion of a white dwarf. This is a composite image from the Chandra X-ray and Spitzer Infrared Space Telescopes. Image: NASA/ESA/JHU/R. Sankrit & W. Blair. [Source: http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/printgallery/2004/]
            Figure 26. The Crab Nebula, remnant of the explosion of a massive star. This image was taken by Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on the Hubble Space Telescope. X-ray: NASA/CXC/ASU/J. Hester et al.; Optical: NASA/ESA/ASU/J. Hester & A. Loll; Infrared: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. Minn./R. Gehrz.
            Zooming in to the Cat’s Eye Nebula video at http://New-Universe.org
            Figure 27. A large-scale view of the Cat’s Eye Nebula. Image: Nordic Optical Telescope and Romano Corradi (Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, Spain). [Source: http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/html/heic0414b.html]
            Figure 28. The Cat’s Eye Nebula. This image was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. Image: NASA, ESA, HEIC, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA). [Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/27/image/a/]
            Figure 29. Manorbier Beach, Pembrokeshire, Wales. John Williamson Photography. Used by permission. [Source: http://knol.google.com/k/a-photographer-s-guide-to-manorbier# ]
            Figure 30. The Cosmic Density Pyramid. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller.
            Figure 31. Dark matter ships on an ocean of dark energy. Image: Garth von Ahnen.
            Figure 32. Big Bang data agree with the Double Dark theory. The blue curve is the prediction of the Double Dark theory, which agrees spectacularly well with the white points, the 2010 data from NASA’s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe satellite. What is graphed is the amount of structure on different angular scales in the temperature of the cosmic background radiation, pictured on the sphere. Large angular scales are on the left, and smaller ones are on the right. The graph is from N. Jarosik et al., “Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP7) Observations: Sky Maps, Systematic Errors, and Basic Results, Astrophysical Journal Supplement (in press). [Source: http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/map/pub_papers/sevenyear/cosmology/images/large/ek7_f07_PPT_L.png ]Ground-based data are from the ACBAR and QUaD experiments at the South Pole, pictured in the figure. The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite provided data on the largest angular scales, and COBE data announced in 1992 gave an early confirmation of a key Cold Dark Matter theory prediction.
            Figure 33. The distribution of matter also agrees with the Double Dark theory. The same theory that correctly predicts the properties of the cosmic background radiation (the blue curve in fig. 32) also correctly predicts the amount of structure on different length scales in the universe today (red curve). Plot by Max Tegmark, MIT. Used by permission.
            Figure 34. Don’t Feel Bad, Loretta . . . The Entire Universe Is Expanding. Lockhorns © 1995 Wm. Hoest Enterprises, Inc. King Features Syndicate. Used by permission.
            Figure 35. A simulation of the expansion of the universe. Simulation by Ben Moore. Used by permission.
            Figure 36. The end of expansion. Illustrated with simulation by Ben Moore. Used by permission.
            Figure 37. Wild space, tame space. Illustrated with simulation by Ben Moore. Used by permission.
            Figure 38. The evolution of the cosmic web. Supercomputing simulations carried out by Anatoly Klypin and Andrey Kravtsov at the National Center for Supercomputer Applications (NCSA). Used by permission. [Source: http://cosmicweb.uchicago.edu/filaments.html]
            Figure 39. The Bolshoi simulation--one billion light-years across. This image shows the distribution of dark matter according to a recent supercomputer simulation. For an explanation of why the dark matter distribution looks so filamentary, see FAQ-12. Image: Anatoly Klypin, Stefan Gottlöber, and Joel R. Primack. [Source: http://astronomy.nmsu.edu/aklypin/Bolshoi/pictures.html]
            Figure 40. The Aquarius simulation of a Milky Way-size dark matter halo. Courtesy of Volker Springel, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching, Germany. Used by permission. [Source: http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/aquarius/]
            Figure 41. The Eye of the Pyramid of All Visible Matter. Detail from fig. 23.

Chapter 4. Our Place in Time

            Figure 42. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field in optical light. This photo was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. The Ultra Deep Field observations represent a narrow, deep view of the cosmos. Peering into the Ultra Deep Field is like looking through an eight-foot-long soda straw. In ground-based photographs, the patch of sky in which the galaxies reside (just one-tenth the diameter of the full moon) is so empty that only a handful of stars (with four-pointed spikes in the image) within the Milky Way galaxy can be seen. Image: NASA, ESA, S. Beckwith (STScI), and the HUDF Team. [Source: hs-2004–07-a-full_tif.tif http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/07/image/a/warn/]
            Figures 43, 44, and 45. Zooming in to the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. (Snapshots taken from Hubble Ultra Deep Field Zoom-In video. Figure 43 is a view of galaxies whose light has been on its way to us at least as long as Earth has existed. In the center right of fig. 43 there is an elliptical galaxy in front of a spiral galaxy. Figure 44 looks back to the first three billion years, and fig. 45 looks back to the first billion years. Images: NASA, ESA, F. Summers, Z. Levay, L. Frattare, B. Mobasher, A. Koekemoer, and the HUDF Team (STScI). [Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/cosmology/2004/28/video/b/ ]
            Figure 46. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This still image is from the “Galaxies Mapped by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey” video. Courtesy Mark SubbaRao and Dinoj Surendran, Adler Planetarium/University of Chicago. Used by permission. [Source: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010100/a010136/index.html ]
            Figure 47. The cosmic microwave background radiation sphere. This still image is from the “Galaxies Mapped by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey” video. Courtesy Mark SubbaRao and Dinoj Surendran, Adler Planetarium/University of Chicago. Used by permission.
            Figure 48. The Cosmic Spheres of Time. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller. [Used in black and white in VFTC, p.135; color version http://viewfromthecenter.com]

Chapter 5. This Cosmically Pivotal Moment

            Figure 49. Two galaxies merging. —These four snapshots are from a high-resolution hydrodynamical simulation done by Patrik Jonsson, Greg Novak, and Joel Primack using Volker Springel’s simulation code GADGET and Patrik Jonsson’s Sunrise code to visualize the effects of stellar evolution, dust scattering and absorption of light, and re-radiation of the energy at longer wavelengths. Upper left: galaxies first approach; upper right: they then separate; lower left: gravity brings them back together and their centers merge; lower right: an elliptical galaxy results. Collage created by Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 50. The changing luminosity of the sun. Image: Nina McCurdy, using data from I.-Juliana Sackmann, Arnold I. Boothroyd, and Kathleen E. Kraemer, “Our Sun. III. Present and Future,” Astrophysical Journal 418 (1993): 457.
            Figure 51. Human population growth. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller/Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 52. The exponential growth of pond scum. Image: Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 53. The daily consumption of resources per person in the United States. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller, using data from the 2005 Statistical Abstract of the United States.
            Figure 54. World emissions of greenhouse gases per capita in 2005. The color code represents tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per capita per year. Image: Emission Data for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). [Source: Figure 3 from http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/background.php]
            Figure 55. Cosmic inflation and cosmic expansion. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller.
            Figure 56. “Now Playing--A Reassuring Lie.” Copyright © Clay Bennett. Used by permission. [Source: http://www.claybennett.com/pages2/theaters.html]

Chapter 6. Bringing the Universe Down to Earth

            Figure 57. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, with the exponentially growing human contribution. Image: Nina McCurdy, using data from US Global Change Research Program (www.globalchange.gov).
            Figure 58. Projected carbon emissions through 2100, and actual data so far. The pessimistic red curve represents business as usual (IPCC 2007 scenario A2), and the optimistic blue curve represents an aggressive reduction in carbon emissions (IPCC 2007 scenario B1). From US Global Change Research Program (www.globalchange.gov) with data so far from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (cdiac.ornl.gov). [Source: http://www.globalchange.gov/resources/gallery?func=viewcategory&catid=2]
            Figure 59. Optimistic and pessimistic temperature scenarios. These scenarios correspond to the two scenarios presented in fig. 58. Images are from the US Global Change Research Program (www.globalchange.gov). [Source: http://www.globalchange.gov/resources/gallery?func=viewcategory&catid=3]
            Figure 60. Space debris in Low Earth Orbit. Low Earth Orbit, space within 2,000 kilometers of Earth’s surface, is where space debris is most concentrated. Only about 5 percent of the objects in this illustration are functional satellites. NASA illustration courtesy NASA Orbital Debris Program Office. [Source: http://orbitaldebris.jsc.nasa.gov/photogallery/beehives.html#leo ]

Chapter 7. A New Origin Story

            Figure 61. John Andrews, Boston Tea Party--Destruction of the Tea in Boston Harbor, December 16, 1773. Courtesy Yale University Art Gallery, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Melville Chapin.
            Figure 62. John Trumbull, The Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. Courtesy Yale University Art Gallery, Trumbull Collection.
            Figure 63. Cosmic microwave background radiation. Image: NASA. [Source:http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/media/080997/080997_5yrFullSky_WMAP_2048W.png]
            Figure 64. A forming star. Simulation: Tom Abel (KIPAC, Stanford University), Greg Bryan (Columbia University), Michael Norman (UCSD, SDSC). Visualization: Ralf Kaeler and Tom Abel. Used by permission.
            Figure 65. A forming planet. “This artist’s conception shows the closest known planetary system to our own, called Epsilon Eridani. Observations from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope show that the system hosts two asteroid belts, in addition to previously identified candidate planets and an outer comet ring.” Images and description: NASA/JPL-Caltech. [Source: http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2008–197]
            Figure 66. A pensive gorilla. © iStockphoto.com/Richard Stern (rickyste). Used by permission. [http://www.istockphoto.com/file _closeup/animals/mammals/5239777-pensive-gorilla.php?id=5239777]
            Figure 67. Auguste Rodin’s The Thinker. Photo: Nina McCurdy.
            Figure 68. Cosmic Las Vegas. Image: Nicolle Rager Fuller.
            Figure 69. Many universes in eternal inflation. Still from Eternal Inflation Visualization video. Image: Nina McCurdy/Anthony Aguirre/Nancy Abrams/Joel Primack.
          Eternal Inflation Visualization video at http://New-Universe.org.

Chapter 8. Cosmic Society Now

Figure 70. The human identity uroboros. Image: Nina McCurdy.
Figure 71. Child and cosmos. Photo of Earth: Copyright © Planetary Visions Ltd., with thanks to Kevin M. Tildsley, used by permission; Photo of child: Nancy Ellen Abrams; Collage: Nina McCurdy. [Source: http://www.as.up.krakow.pl/2009/quiz-obiekty/eunight2_pv_big.jpg]

Frequently Asked Questions

Figure 72. The merging history of a large dark matter halo. Time is increasing to the right. Radii of dark matter halos are represented by the blue circles, and the size of their core regions is represented by the red dots. Many little halos at early times merge to form larger halos, which subsequently merge into one big halo. Image: Risa H. Wechsler, James S. Bullock, Joel R. Primack, Andrey V. Kravtsov, and Avishai Dekel, “Concentrations of Dark Halos from Their Assembly Histories,” Astrophysical Journal 566 (2002): 52–70, fig. 2.

Videos

In each case, we give the page in the hardback, the URL, and the text surrounding the special symbol to which this URL is to be associated.

INTRODUCTION
p. xvii
http://new-universe.org/
You can watch these videos on our website http://new-universe.org whenever you see the symbol . There are also additional videos on our website …
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CHAPTER 1
p.19 Voyage to Virgo
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter1/Videos/VoyagetoVirgo.txt.php
You can watch this Voyage to the Virgo Cluster as a video on our website, http://New-Universe.org.

Credit: Donna Cox and Stuart Levy for The Runaway Universe, NOVA Producer Tom Lucas; see R. Brent Tully et al. [Source: www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~tully ]
Music: “Abraham was Listening,” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, on CD Alien Wisdom © 2001
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CHAPTER 2
p. 31 Cosmic Voyage Zoom-in
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter2/Videos/CosmicVoyageZoomIN.txt.php
Traveling clockwise around the serpent from head to tail, the icons represent :
a supercluster of galaxies (1025 cm),

Credit: Powers of Ten Zoom - from Cosmic Voyage IMAX film (1995), courtesy Producer/Director Bayley Silleck
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CHAPTER 3
p. 43 Cat's Eye
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/CatsEye.txt.php
Here it is shown among its neighboring stars (fig. 27).
When we zoom in, we see what looks like an eye…

Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/27/video/a/
Credit for Video: Credit: ESA, NASA, HEIC, NOT, Digitized Sky Survey 2, The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) and R. Corradi (Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, Spain).
Credit for Music: “Since You Asked” by Sheldon Mirowitz, album Guitar Works 1992 Narada

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p. 58 Cosmic Expansion Visualization
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/Cosmic_Expansion.txt.php
…although in reality dark matter is completely invisible.
In figures 35-37…

Credit: Expanding Simulation by Ben Moore et al., used by permission.
Credit for Music: “French Resolution” by L. Subramanian and Stephane Grapelli, album Conversations 1984 Milestone
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p. 61 Evolution of the Cosmic Web
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/Columbia_Simulation.txt.php
…where dark matter is densest, clusters of galaxies form.
The highest resolution large-scale simulation…

Credit: Columbia Simulation by Brandon Allgood and Joel Primack, visualized by Chris Henze, NASA Ames Research Center.
Music: “Everywhere” by Richard Stoltzman, album Begin Sweet World 1986 Backroads Music
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p. 62 Bolshoi Zoom-In and Bolshoi Fly-Through
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/BolshoiZoom.txt.php
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/BolshoiSimulation.txt.php
The distribution of dark matter halos in these simulations looks statistically just like the actual distribution of galaxies in the universe.
In figure 40 the magnificent…

Credit: Bolshoi Zoom-In from Bolshoi Simulation by Anatoly Klypin, Stefan Gottloeber, & Joel Primack.
Music: Bach Contata No. 136, performed by Yo-Yo Ma cello and Ton Koopman organ, album Simply Baroque 1999 Sony

Bolshoi Fly-Through, by Anatoly Klypin and Joel Primack, visualized by Chris Henze, NASA Ames Research Center.
Music: “Her Knees Deep in My Mind” by Ray Lunch, album: Nothing Above My Shoulders but the Evening © 2002, used by permission.
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p.62 Aquarius Simulation
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/AquariusSimulation.txt.php
In figure 40 the magnificent Aquarius simulation shows the formation of a single Milky-Way-sized dark matter halo.

Credit: NASA, ESA, F. Summers, Z. Levay, L. Frattare, B. Mobasher, A. Koekemoer and the HUDF Team (STScI). Source: hs-2004-28-b-high_quicktime.mov at http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/cosmology/2004/28/video/b/
Music: "Spring Council" from the album Carry the Gift by R. Carlos Nakai & William Eaton, courtesy Canyon Records, 3131 West Clarendon Avenue, Phoenix, AZ 85017. All rights reserved. Published by Native American Flute Music (ASCAP) & Wisdom Tree Music (ASCAP).
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p. 71 Sloan Visualization
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter4/Videos/SDSS_CMB.txt.php
…the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, whose goal is to discover the large scale distribution of galaxies.
Whole slices of the universe have been mapped

Sloan Digital Sky Survey, visualized by Mark Subbarao et al., used by permission of Mark Subbarao.
Music: “Handwriting of God” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, album: Alien Wisdom © 2001
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CHAPTER 5
p. 82 Galaxy Merger
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter5/Videos/GalaxyMerger.txt.php
…forming a new galaxy that we can call Milky Andromeda.
The simulation in figure 49 shows two massive spiral galaxies…

Credit: Spiral Galaxy Merger, by Greg Novak, Patrik Jonsson, and Joel Primack.
Music: “All’s Well that Ends Well” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, album Alien Wisdom © 2001
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CHAPTER 7
p. 136 Eternal Inflation
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter7/Videos/EternalInflationVIrgo.txt.php
…the idea that our universe is a bubble immersed in a strange and eternal start of being is a very ancient one.
In figure 69 we show a second different version…

Credit: Eternal Inflation video, by Anthony Aguirre, Nina McCurdy, Nancy Abrams and Joel Primack.
Music: “Theme from In Search of Angels” by Tim Story, album In Search of Angels (Windham Hill, © 1994)
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CHAPTER 8
p. 163 Return to Earth
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter8/Videos/ReturntoEarth.txt.php
…the way ancient cosmologies served our ancestors.
Could the idea of a cosmic society end up being a religion?

Credit: Return to Earth, based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey visualization and Voyage to Virgo Cluster.
Music: “Bachianas Brasileiras No. 5 for soprano and 8 cellos: Aria Cantilena” by Hector Villa-Lobos, album Classical Moods
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ABOUT THE ILLUSTRATIONS
p. 224
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter1/Videos/VoyagetoVirgo.txt.php
Voyage to the Virgo Cluster video at http://new-universe.org

Credit: Donna Cox and Stuart Levy for The Runaway Universe, NOVA Producer Tom Lucas; see R. Brent Tully et al. [Source: www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~tully ]
Music: “Abraham was Listening,” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, on CD Alien Wisdom © 2001
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p. 225
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter2/Videos/CosmicVoyageZoomIN.txt.php
Powers of ten zoom, from Cosmic Voyage IMAX film, video at http://new-universe.org.

Credit: Powers of Ten Zoom - from Cosmic Voyage IMAX film (1995), courtesy Producer/Director Bayley Silleck
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p. 226
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/CatsEye.txt.php
Zooming in to the Cat's Eye Nebula video

Credit for Video: Credit: ESA, NASA, HEIC, NOT, Digitized Sky Survey 2, The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) and R. Corradi (Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, Spain). [Source: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2004/27/video/a/ ]
Credit for Music: “Since You Asked” by Sheldon Mirowitz, album Guitar Works 1992 Narada
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p. 227
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/Cosmic_Expansion.txt.php
Figure 35. Still image from A simulation of the expansion of the universe. Simulation by Ben Moore. Used by permission.

Credit: Expanding Simulation by Ben Moore et al., used by permission.
Credit for Music: “French Resolution” by L. Subramanian and Stephane Grapelli, album Conversations 1984 Milestone
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p. 227
(After Figure 38.)
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/Columbia_Simulation.txt.php
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/BolshoiZoom.txt.php
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/BolshoiSimulation.txt.php
Columbia Simulation video
Bolshoi Zoom-In video
Bolshoi Fly-Through video

Credit:

Columbia Simulation by Brandon Allgood and Joel Primack, visualized by Chris Henze, NASA Ames Research Center. Music: “Everywhere” by Richard Stoltzman, album Begin Sweet World 1986 Backroads Music

Bolshoi Zoom-In from Bolshoi Simulation by Anatoly Klypin, Stefan Gottloeber, & Joel Primack.
Music: Bach Contata No. 136, performed by Yo-Yo Ma cello and Ton Koopman organ, album Simply Baroque 1999 Sony

Bolshoi Fly-Through, by Anatoly Klypin and Joel Primack, visualized by Chris Henze, NASA Ames Research Center.
Music: “Her Knees Deep in My Mind” by Ray Lunch, album: Nothing Above My Shoulders but the Evening © 2002, used by permission.
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p. 227
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter3/Videos/AquariusSimulation.txt.php
Aquarius Simulation video

Credit: Aquarius Simulation, by Volker Springel et al. Source: http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/aquarius/Aq-A-2-evolv.mp4 . Music: “Nutcracker March” by Tchaikowsky, album Classical Dreams
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p. 228
http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter4/Videos/HDFZoom.txt.php
Snapshots taken from Hubble Ultra Deep Field Zoom-In video.
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http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter4/Videos/SDSS_CMB.txt.php Figure 46. The Sloan Didigal Sky Survey. This still image is taken from the Galaxies Mapped by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey video. Credit: Sloan Digital Sky Survey, visualized by Mark Subbarao et al., used by permission of Mark Subbarao. Music: “Handwriting of God” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, album: Alien Wisdom © 2001

http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter4/Videos/SDSS_CMB.txt.php
Figure 47. The cosmic microwave background radiation sphere. This still image is from the Galaxies Mapped by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey video. Credit: Sloan Digital Sky Survey, visualized by Mark Subbarao et al., used by permission of Mark Subbarao. Music: “Handwriting of God” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, album: Alien Wisdom © 2001

http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter5/Videos/GalaxyMerger.txt.php
Figure 49. Two galaxies merging. These four snapshots are taken from a high-resolution hydrodynamical simulation done by Patrik Jonsson, Greg Novak, Credit: Spiral Galaxy Merger, by Greg Novak, Patrik Jonsson, and Joel Primack. Music: “All’s Well that Ends Well” by Nancy Ellen Abrams, album Alien Wisdom © 2001
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http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter7/Videos/EternalInflationVIrgo.txt.php
Eternal Inflation Visualization video

Credit: Eternal Inflation video, by Anthony Aguirre, Nina McCurdy, Nancy Abrams and Joel Primack.
Music: “Theme from In Search of Angels” by Tim Story, album In Search of Angels (Windham Hill, © 1994)
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http://new-universe.org/zenphoto/Chapter8/Videos/ReturntoEarth.txt.php
From Eternal Inflation to Earth video

Credit: Return to Earth, based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey visualization and Voyage to Virgo Cluster.
Music: “Bachianas Brasileiras No. 5 for soprano and 8 cellos: Aria Cantilena” by Hector Villa-Lobos, album Classical Moods